With a Conservative Government leading the polls, many are concerned about changes in immigration, citizenship, multiculturalism, and employment equity policies in Canada.

As immigration is a shared jurisdiction, restricting the number of permanent residents, temporary workers, and international students may face provincial opposition.

Provincial governments and education institutions rely on international students' funding. Business groups want a larger population to meet labour market needs.

Immigration lawyers, consultants, and settlement and refugee groups benefit from a larger population.

However, the impact of immigration on housing availability, health care, and infrastructure is often overlooked.

Global trends, like increased refugee flows and the use of AI in the labour market, could also influence future policies.