A new Statistics Canada study shows that childhood immigrants are less likely than Canadian-born apprentices to obtain certification.

After accounting for sociodemographic, employment, income and program characteristics, individuals admitted to Canada before age 18 remained 3 to 5 percentage points less likely to become certified than their Canadian-born counterparts. Additional analysis found that income, regional differences and pre-registration credits explained part of the certification gap. Economic outcomes after entering the trades also differed by sex.

Male childhood immigrant journeypersons earned 7% to 10% less before, at and after certification than Canadian-born male journeypersons, even after other characteristics were taken into account. Among female journeypersons, however, earnings differences between childhood immigrants and Canadian-born individuals were not consistently observed after accounting for sociodemographic, employment and program-related characteristics.

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